Abstract
ObjectivesObesity and a reduced physical activity are global developments. Physical activity affects the external skeletal robustness which decreased in German children. It was assumed that the negative trend of decreased external skeletal robustness can be found in other countries. Therefore anthropometric data of Russian and German children from the years 2000 and 2010 were compared.MethodsRussian (2000/2010 n = 1023/268) and German (2000/2010 n = 2103/1750) children aged 6–10 years were investigated. Height, BMI and external skeletal robustness (Frame-Index) were examined and compared for the years and the countries. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney-Test.ResultsComparison 2010 and 2000: In Russian children BMI was significantly higher; boys were significantly taller and exhibited a decreased Frame-Index (p = .002) in 2010. German boys showed significantly higher BMI in 2010. In both sexes Frame-Index (p = .001) was reduced in 2010. Comparison Russian and German children in 2000: BMI, height and Frame-Index were different between Russian and German children. German children were significantly taller but exhibited a lower Frame-Index (p<.001). Even German girls showed a significantly higher BMI. Comparison Russian and German children in 2010: BMI and Frame-Index were different. Russian children displayed a higher Frame-Index (p<.001) compared with Germans.ConclusionsIn Russian children BMI has increased in recent years. Frame-Index is still higher in Russian children compared with Germans however in Russian boys Frame-Index is reduced. This trend and the physical activity should be observed in the future.
Highlights
The globalisation leads to intensification of relationships between individuals and countries on an economic, political and cultural base
In Russian children BMI has increased in recent years
Frame-Index is still higher in Russian children compared with Germans in Russian boys Frame-Index is reduced
Summary
The globalisation leads to intensification of relationships between individuals and countries on an economic, political and cultural base. The nutrition transition gets to increased energy intake and with the advancement of techniques physical activity decreases. The result is an imbalance of energy intake and consumption which leads to obesity in children and adults in industrial, emergent and developing countries [1]. Ten year comparisons showed that the physical fitness which is a result of physical activity is reduced in British children and in Czech Republic adolescents [2], [3]. Russian children spent more time in structured training sports clubs and walk to and from school [6]. Children in Eastern European states with a low social-economic status spent more time with TV viewing and they participated in the sports club less frequently with the result of lower physical activity [12], [13]
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