Abstract
We measured the reproduction number before and after interventions were implemented to reduce Ebola transmission in 9 outbreaks in Liberia during 2014. We evaluated risk factors for secondary cases and the association between patient admission to an Ebola treatment unit (ETU) and survival. The reproduction number declined 94% from 1.7 (95% CI 1.1-2.6) to 0.1 (95% CI 0.02-0.6) after interventions began. The risk for secondary infections was 90% lower for patients admitted to an ETU (risk ratio 0.1, 95% CI 0.04-0.3) than for those who died in the community. The case-fatality rate was 68% (95% CI 60-74), and ETU admission was associated with a 50% reduction in death (hazard ratio 0.5, 95% CI 0.4-0.8). Isolation and treatment of Ebola patients had the dual benefit of interrupting community transmission and improving survival.
Highlights
This definition of “alert cases” for Ebola or Marburg virus disease has been developed for use by the community or community-based volunteers
Routine surveillance: standard case definition recommended by WHO-AFRO for the notification of Ebola or Marburg cases
During an Ebola or Marburg outbreak: case definitions used by the surveillance
Summary
This definition of “alert cases” for Ebola or Marburg virus disease has been developed for use by the community or community-based volunteers. 1. Routine surveillance: standard case definition recommended by WHO-AFRO for the notification of Ebola or Marburg cases
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