Abstract
The number of bariatric surgeries being performed worldwide has markedly risen. While the improvement in obesity-associated comorbidities after bariatric surgery is well-established, very little is known about its impact on cancer risk. The peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus test is a widely used method for the monitoring of chromosomal damage levels in vivo, and micronucleus frequency positively correlates with cancer risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the micronucleus frequency before and after bariatric surgery in obese subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 45 obese subjects before and at two time-points after bariatric surgery (6 and 12 months) to assess spontaneous micronucleus frequency. Consistent with the increased cancer risk previously shown, bariatric surgery-induced weight loss led to a significant reduction in lymphocyte micronucleus frequency after 12 months. Interestingly, comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome further seemed to have an impact on the lymphocyte micronucleus frequency. Our findings may indicate a successful reduction of cancer risk in patients following weight loss caused by bariatric surgery.
Highlights
Obesity is one of the most pressing health challenges of the 21st century
In the second 6-month period, subjects continued to lose a significant amount of excess body weight and reached an average BMI of 37.11 ± 1.04 kg/m2 by the end of our study Weight loss in kg and weight reduction as percent of previous body weight are shown in Fig. 1C,D, respectively
Elevated levels of some important biochemical blood parameters were found in morbidly obese subjects before surgery and, as soon as 6 months afterwards, there were significant improvements that generally remained so for the duration of the 12-month recording period
Summary
Obesity is one of the most pressing health challenges of the 21st century. According to the WHO, over 600 million adults around the world suffer from obesity, which is closely associated with other chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease[1]. There are reports of increased cancer risk among obese individuals, with T2DM itself representing an independent risk factor. Various follow-up studies have demonstrated the successful remission of T2DM associated with bariatric surgery-induced weight loss as well as a reduction in mortality[6,7,8]. Numerous studies have reported increased micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood-derived lymphocytes among cancer patients and population studies indicated a correlation between cancer risk and micronucleus frequency, supporting a positive association with cancer risk[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible influence of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery on chromosomal damage as detected by micronucleus formation
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