Abstract
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated choroidal thickness (CT) and scleral thickness (ST) in highly myopic eyes and their associations with ocular factors. Patients underwent widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure the CT and ST at the subfovea and 3000 μm superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal to the fovea and macular curvature. A total of 237 eyes (154 patients) were included. At all five measurement points, thinner CTs and STs were associated with longer axial lengths (r = − 0.548 to − 0.357, all P < 0.001) and greater macular curvatures (r = − 0.542 to − 0.305, all P < 0.001). The CT and ST were significantly thinner in eyes with posterior staphyloma than in those without at all measurement points (all P ≤ 0.006) but did not differ between eyes with the wide macular and narrow macular type of staphyloma. Eyes with myopic maculopathy of category ≥ 3 according to the International Meta-Analysis for Pathologic Myopia classification had significantly thinner CTs and STs than those with category ≤ 2 (all P ≤ 0.005). In highly myopic eyes, a decrease in the CT and ST was more pronounced in eyes with more structural changes, such as longer axial length, steeper macular curvature, and the presence of posterior staphyloma.
Highlights
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated choroidal thickness (CT) and scleral thickness (ST) in highly myopic eyes and their associations with ocular factors
We evaluated the association of CT and ST with the structural changes related to high myopia, especially the presence of posterior staphyloma
Swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of highly myopic eyes revealed that decreased CT and ST were associated with a longer axial length and steeper macular curvature
Summary
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated choroidal thickness (CT) and scleral thickness (ST) in highly myopic eyes and their associations with ocular factors. Posterior staphyloma, which indicates the localized outpouching of the eyeball wall at the posterior pole with a radius of less than the surrounding curvature, is associated with a higher prevalence of macular complications such as chorioretinal atrophy, myopic choroidal neovascularization, and myopic traction maculopathy[8,9]. In this context, structural evaluation of the posterior pole may be helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of macular complications in pathologic myopia. We evaluated the association of CT and ST with the structural changes related to high myopia, especially the presence of posterior staphyloma
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