Decreased Ankle Brachial Index Score against Distance Covered During Six Minute Walk Test in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with characteristics of hyperglycemia due to abnormalities of insulin secretion, insulin action or both. DM is a risk factor for Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). PAD is a progressive narrowing process of peripheral arteries, especially in the inferior limb arteries. As a result, there is a reduction in blood flow to the affected limb. Most patients do not show symptoms, but many also experience intermittent claudication. PAD can be diagnosed and its severity assessed using the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Score. PAD can cause disturbances in muscle mass and strength so that it can cause limitations in walking ability including gait, walking speed, and balance which ultimately impair Six Minute Walk Test (SMWT). The purpose of this study was to see whether there is an effect of decreasing ABI Score on distance covered during SMWT in diabetic patients. This study was analytic observational with a cross sectional study design using primary data and secondary data from DM patients who have never been diagnosed with PAD in Polyclinic of Muhammadiyah Hospital in Palembang. The sample size in this study was 40 patients with type 2 DM who were selected using nonprobability sampling with consecutive sampling method. The subject have their ABI and SMWT measured. The collected data was analyzed by chi-square test. In this study, the significance value was p = 0.016 (p <0.05) which can be concluded that there was an effect of decreasing ABI score on distance during SMWT in DM patients