Abstract
Serpentinites are an important sink for both inorganic and organic carbon, and their behavior during subduction is thought to play a fundamental role in the global cycling of carbon. Here we show that fluid-derived veins are preserved within the Zermatt-Saas ultra-high pressure serpentinites providing key evidence for carbonate mobility during serpentinite devolatilisation. We show through the O, C, and Sr isotope analyses of vein minerals and the host serpentinites that about 90% of the meta-serpentinite inorganic carbon is remobilized during slab devolatilisation. In contrast, graphite-like carbonaceous compounds remain trapped within the host rock as inclusions within metamorphic olivine while the bulk elemental and isotope composition of organic carbon remains relatively unchanged during the subduction process. This shows a decoupling behavior of carbon during serpentinite dehydration in subduction zones. This process will therefore facilitate the transfer of inorganic carbon to the mantle wedge and the preferential slab sequestration of organic carbon en route to the deep mantle.
Highlights
Serpentinites are an important sink for both inorganic and organic carbon, and their behavior during subduction is thought to play a fundamental role in the global cycling of carbon
Along average slab thermal gradients, carbonates are remarkably stable within the subducting oceanic lithosphere[56], and only a substantial percolation of H2O-rich fluids can promote significant carbon remobilization in sediments, oceanic crust, and mantle lithologies through leaching[5,6,7]
It has recently been predicted, based on thermodynamic models, that the large volumes of fluids released during serpentinite dehydration can promote such mobilization of slab mantle carbon in fluids[16]
Summary
Serpentinites are an important sink for both inorganic and organic carbon, and their behavior during subduction is thought to play a fundamental role in the global cycling of carbon. Graphite-like carbonaceous compounds remain trapped within the host rock as inclusions within metamorphic olivine while the bulk elemental and isotope composition of organic carbon remains relatively unchanged during the subduction process This shows a decoupling behavior of carbon during serpentinite dehydration in subduction zones. The massif comprises a full sequence of ophiolitic lithologies, including serpentinized ultramafic rocks, metabasites, and associated metamorphosed marine sediments (Fig. 1)[22,23] This meta-ophiolite records a complex petrological evolution, from crustal formation and hydration in a mid-oceanic ridge environment to devolatilization at eclogite facies conditions, and exhumation from amphibolite to greenschist facies conditions during alpine collision[24]. The whole massif experienced retrograde reactions and associated deformation, often obscuring the mineralogy relating to peak metamorphic conditions, with the generation of tremolites and serpentines overprinting the UHP minerals
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