Abstract
To preserve economic and social sustainability, countries impacted by international migration must prepare for the challenges that influx will bring to their societies, whether it be to their labor markets or their local, regional and national cultures. In essence, all areas of public life may be affected. Therefore, the exploration and recognition of the factors influencing integration, as well as the correlations behind attitudes of acceptance or rejection of the integration of immigrants, are essential. The present study contributes to the results in this field by revealing the beliefs behind the differences between groups accepting and rejecting immigrants, using a questionnaire database. Our survey sample consists of 444 Hungarian university students and 170 employees. The primary method of data analysis is binary logistic regression, completed by bivariate analyses. Our findings confirm that a positive, accepting attitude towards immigrants is more probable if an image is formed of them as being hardworking and that the work they do contributes to the economic development of the host country. Moreover, the integration of such individuals should not be seen as resulting in any unfavorable change in criminal statistics, working conditions, unemployment or discrimination. Additionally, the acceptance of immigrants as colleagues might be facilitated—in addition to their higher qualifications—by domestic (i.e., Hungarian) employees being better informed about immigration, and if immigrants occupy positions in which domestic employees are not willing to work.
Highlights
Groups traditionally threatened by their labor market situation have always been more exposed to the risk of unemployment than other groups of employees
According to OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) data, 4.8 million people immigrated into OECD countries seeking permanent residence in 2015, which is 10% more compared to the previous year, and every third new immigrant arrived from another OECD country [2]
The immigrant phenomenon can be examined from multiple angles: legal-political, cultural, socio-economic and mainstream societal attitudes. In conformity with the latter aspect, the present study introduces the partial results of the research carried out in the scope of the research program “Human resource management challenges of the reception and labor market integration of immigrants” which aimed to explore labor market attitudes towards immigrants
Summary
Groups traditionally threatened by their labor market situation have always been more exposed to the risk of unemployment than other groups of employees Their labor market integration and the strengthening of their status are always challenging tasks for experts. As a result of the wave of illegal immigration which intensified in the summer of 2015, management of the immigrant phenomenon and solutions for their integration, both socially and in the labor market, have become the center of interest in some European countries receiving them. These are tasks yet to be resolved and which create deep divisions in public and political opinion across Europe. In order to be better prepared to face all these challenges, an exploration of those factors affecting migration and the causes behind the rejection or acceptance of migrants is essential
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