Abstract
Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts are one of the most commonly used class of catalysts. There are multiple reviews on their uses in various branches of chemistry and other sciences but a detailed review of their decomposition is missing, despite a large number of recent and important advances in this field. In particular, in the last five years several new mechanism of decomposition, both olefin-driven as well as induced by external agents, have been suggested and used to explain differences in the decomposition rates and the metathesis activities of both standard, N-heterocyclic carbene-based systems and the recently developed cyclic alkyl amino carbene-containing complexes. Here we present a review which explores the last 30 years of the decomposition studied on ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst driven by both intrinsic features of such catalysts as well as external chemicals.
Highlights
While the importance of ruthenium for oleffiin metathesis, one of the most prominent methods to form new C–C bonds, was realized already in the 1960s [1,2], the true dawn of the ruthenium-driven metathesis oolleeffiinnccaatatalylysissiscacmame einin1919929w2 iwthitthhethsyenstyhnetshisesoifsthoef ftihrestfiwrsetll-wdelfli-ndeedficnoemdpcloemx [p3l]e.xTh[3is]
Gibbs free energy barrier (Scheme 4). These findings were further supported by experimental data from decomposition experiments of Hoveyda-Grubbs and usually more stable cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) catalysts [37]
The influence of amines on the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction were tested (Scheme 27) and the results showed an accelerated catalyst degradation compared to the control reaction
Summary
While the importance of ruthenium for oleffiin metathesis, one of the most prominent methods to form new C–C bonds, was realized already in the 1960s [1,2], the true dawn of the ruthenium-driven metathesis oolleeffiinnccaatatalylysissiscacmame einin1919929w2 iwthitthhethsyenstyhnetshisesoifsthoef ftihrestfiwrsetll-wdelfli-ndeedficnoemdpcloemx [p3l]e.xTh[3is]. 2 of 56 2 of 60 ccaattaallyyssttss aasswweellllaasssesveverearlacl hcehmemiciaclaglrgoruopusptshatht aatreanreotncootmcopmatipbaletibwleithwtihthemth. SScchheemmaattiiccrreepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff tthhee mmeettaatthheessiiss ccaattaallyyttiicc ccyyccllee;; ((aa)) iinniittiiaattiioonn,, ((bb,,cc)) pprrooppaaggaattiioonn. The review is oorrggaanized iinn tthhee ffoollloowwiinngg mmaannnneerr. We provide a summary and a future outlook for the decomposition studies of this important family of widely used catallyyssttss. IInn tthhiiss sseeccttiioonn wwee ddeessccrriibbee tthhee ccuurrrreenntt ssttaattee ooff kknnoowwlleeddggee ffoorr tthhee nnoonn--ssppeecciifificc ddeeccoommppoossiittiioonn rroouutteess ooff rruutthheenniiuumm mmeettaatthheessiiss ccaattaallyyssttss. TThheessee iinncclluuddee aallll tthhee ddeeccoommppoossiittiioonn ppaatthhwwaayyss wwhhiicchh aarree ddrriivveenn bbyyeexxteternrnaal lagaegnetnstasnadnddodnootndoetpdenepdeonndthoensptheecifispcefceiaftiucrfeesaotuf rceesrtaoifnccearttaaliynstcsabtualtyasrtes pboustsiabrlee pfoorsasilbl lceatfaolryasltlscdautaelytostsstrduucetutorasltfreuacttuurreasl afenadtumreestaatnhdesmisemtaetchheasnisismmeschshaanriesmd sbyshaalrl eodf tbhyemall. TThheessee iinncclluuddee aallll tthhee ddeeccoommppoossiittiioonn ppaatthhwwaayyss wwhhiicchh aarree ddrriivveenn bbyyeexxteternrnaal lagaegnetnstasnadnddodnootndoetpdenepdeonndthoensptheecifispcefceiaftiucrfeesaotuf rceesrtaoifnccearttaaliynstcsabtualtyasrtes pboustsiabrlee pfoorsasilbl lceatfaolryasltlscdautaelytostsstrduucetutorasltfreuacttuurreasl afenadtumreestaatnhdesmisemtaetchheasnisismmeschshaanriesmd sbyshaalrl eodf tbhyemall. of them
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