Abstract
Agroforestry consortia increase organic matter and nutrient cycling in agricultural systems. For this reason, the objective of this work was to study the release rate of nutrients and the decomposition of different organic residues, two times of the year, obtained from four cultures intercropped with conilon coffee, aiming to relate the released nutrients to the coffee needs. The decomposition of organic matter residues and the release of nutrients from Inga edulis, Musa spp, Gliricidia sepium, and Bactris gasipaes were evaluated in two different periods. I. edulis residues with a higher amount of polyphenols, and those of Musa spp, with a higher C/N ratio, showed slow decomposition. The decomposition rates were lower in experiments started in March and higher in August. Inga and banana have high residual values of nutrients at 270 days in the decomposition started in March. Key words: Agroforestry system; Organic coffee; SAF synchrony; Consortium; Low
Highlights
Agroforestry systems (SAFs) and consortia of perennial crops are important in the agroecological context, as they increase biodiversity and sustainability (Zapata Arango, 2019)
One plot was planted with coffee in monoculture (CMON) and the other four in consortia with: inga (Inga edulis Mart) (CING); gliricidia
The release of nutrients from the dry matter of glircídia, after the March pruning, occurs in a period of low nutritional demand for coffee and in August, it occurs in a period of low demand for the formation of coffee fruits
Summary
Agroforestry systems (SAFs) and consortia of perennial crops are important in the agroecological context, as they increase biodiversity and sustainability (Zapata Arango, 2019). Trees promote the increase of organic matter in SAFs and greater nutrient cycling, bringing nutrients from deeper levels to the soil surface, making them available for the crop of commercial interest (Isaac; Borden, 2019). The N of these fixing species can be transferred to the receiving plants by decomposition and mineralizing organic residues (Munroe; Isaac, 2014). The management of these shade trees is done, traditionally by coffee growers from Costa Rica, through pruning according to the coffee phenology. They prune at the end of the dry season to promote flowering and complete pruning before harvest to promote fruit ripening (Nygren et al, 2012)
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