Abstract
In spite of the relevance of current studies on the importance of organic fertilizers such as animal manure in improving the health of ecosystems, little is known about the biochemical mechanisms affecting the availability of nutrients released from the organic fertilizer in water. A litter bag study during 6 weeks was carried out in pots containing 25 liters of water with 15 g of pig dejections as organic fertilizers. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of dejections of pigs nourished with: recommended diet composition T1, partially improved diet with Azolla filiculoides T2, improved diet with Azolla filiculoides T3, improved diet with cereal bran T4. A control treatment without dejection (T0) was considered in the study for comparison purpose. Four pigs per type of diet were considered leading to 16 white landrace pigs of six months age followed for dejection collections. Strong release of nutrients for better yield for agro-fish system was obtained in the manure T1 with (10.85 ± 0.00) mg/L; ( 0.011 ± 0.00) mg/L; (2.13 ± 0.07) mg/L and K+ (10.76 ± 0.57) mg/L; Ca2+ (2.92 ± 0.11) mg/L and Mg2+ (2.53 ± 0.00) mg/L followed by manure T3 and T4 with high N content. The relatively low ratio C/N (14.25) for T1 and (15.84) for T3 induced more nutrients releasing. This study showed an important N loss probably due to microorganism activities which fluctuate nutrient availability. Also significant correlations were noted between the nutrient dynamics in water and physicochemical parameters showing the effect of abiotic factors on organic matter decomposition and mineralization which depend on microbial activities in water and pig manure composition.
Highlights
The current population growth demands from the international community to increase and diversify agricultural and fisheries productivity
Zooplankton productions systems based on the use of pig manures have been previously reported [13] but there is lack of knowledge on the biochemical mechanisms affecting the availability of nutrients released during the mineralization of organic fertilizers such as manure from pig fed with Azolla filiculoides and rice bran in wetland condition for fish and crop production system
It appears from the results that carbon and nitrogen content in the manure collected from pigs nourished with improved diet with Azolla (T3) significantly (P < 0.05) increase by 1.2 and 1.3 times compared with that collected from pigs nourished with the recommended diet composition (T1)
Summary
The current population growth demands from the international community to increase and diversify agricultural and fisheries productivity. It was proved that, when the pigs were nourished with diet of high nutritive value such as Azolla filiculoides, it improves the quality of dejection produced which could be used to feed fish and to supply nutrient to the crop considering wetland production system [10] In such way, developing strategies to recycle nutrient from these residues especially those from livestock and pig in the context of Benin agriculture is a challenge. Zooplankton productions systems based on the use of pig manures have been previously reported [13] but there is lack of knowledge on the biochemical mechanisms affecting the availability of nutrients released during the mineralization of organic fertilizers such as manure from pig fed with Azolla filiculoides and rice bran in wetland condition for fish and crop production system
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