Abstract
Bark prepared from Mangifera indica has been employed for eradication of safranin-T. Structural analysis of bark was attempted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of several parameters was tested and optimized. The percentage adsorption of dye onto bark was found to increase with temperature and dictate endothermic adsorption. About 87% of dye removal was found at contact time of 80 min. The percentage of safranin-T dye removal increased with adsorbent dosage. Different isotherms like Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin were studied to determine the adsorption mechanism. The adsorption capacity of bark was recorded to be 78.96 mg/g. Langmuir model rightly described the adsorption process with higher regression value (R2 = 0.99). The experimental data was found close to using Langmuir isotherm. This confirms the monolayer adsorption of safranin-T dye onto bark. The kinetic study and intra-particle diffusion described that adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics with greater R2 value. The study confirmed the chemical adsorption of dye onto adsorbent. The different thermodynamic processes confirmed the feasible, spontaneous and endothermic adsorption of dye using M. indica bark.
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