Decolorization of Textile Wastewater Using Fabricated Poly Acrylonitrile (PAN) Nanoparticles

Abstract

Water contamination is not only influence human health and environment, but it has alsoeffects on social and economic costs. Textile wastewater is considered to be one of the mostdangerous types of water contaminants as it consists of mixture of pigments, dyes and differenttypes of organic contaminants. Nanotechnology offers novel functional materials in the area ofwastewater treatment especially dye removal. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanoparticles considered tobe one of the most promising prepared materials in the field of dye removal. PAN nanoparticleswas prepared by precipitation polymerization technique in an alcoholic aqueous solution (water:ethanol) and was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transferinfrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Basic Red 46 (BR46) dye is a cationic dye which is used as a model of contaminant due to its extensive use intextile industry. The processing parameters affecting on the adsorption of BR 46 onto theprepared PAN nanoparticles have been optimized through a batch mode experiments.The maximum removal percentage of the selected dye was 62.4 % recorded after 240 minequilibrium time using 0.05 g from PAN nanoparticles and with 5 ppm initial dye concentration.As the experimental results proved that the increment in material dosage from 0.01 to 0.5 genhanced the dye removal percentage from 43.6% up to 85%. Meanwhile, the improvement ininitial dye concentrations had negative impact on the adsorption process onto the preparedpowdered material, as it decreased from 82.3 to 11.85% when the initial dye concentrationincreased from 1-100 ppm. The dye adsorption mechanism was investigated through theapplication of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models on the experimental data. Moreover, thekinetics of dye adsorption process was tested using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second orderkinetic models.