Decolorization of synthetic dyes by basidiomycetes isolated from woods of the Atlantic Forest (PE), Brazil

Abstract

In this study, the biodegradability of synthetic dyes used in the textile industry by Basidiomycetes collected in woods of the Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco, Brazil, was evaluated. Among the fungi, the following species were identified: Caripia montagnei, Datronia caperata, Earliella scabrosa, Fomitopsis feei, Ganoderma stiptatum, Hexagonia hydnoides, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Trametes membranacea. Mycelium discs (2 cm²) of each fungal isolate were transferred to 30 ml of King medium supplemented with 0.05% m/v of each of the following dyes: methyl orange, bromophenol blue (BB), methylene blue, Congo red, phenol red (PR) and methyl green (MG). All these species showed potential to decolorize the tested dyes, with decolorization efficiency varying from 7.26 to 99.2%. H. hydnoides and T. membrancea were the only species able to degrade all dyes. BB was effectively metabolized by P. sanguineus (97.4%), H. hydnoides (95.6%), E. scabrosa (96.6%) and T. membranacea (99.2%). E. scabrosa stood out among the isolates in dyes decolorization, allowing for efficiencies >90% for MG, PR, and BB.