Decolorization of azo dyes by produced laccase enzyme in solid-state fermentation using biphenyl as an inducer

Abstract

Azo dyes are a common pollutant in industrial wastewater, especially in textile industries. Due to their indigenous toxicity and environmental and water resources hazards, public concerns are increasingly growing to find a suitable solution. In recent years, enzyme-based processes, particularly the use of laccase enzymes for wastewater treatment, have received broad awareness due to their performance and sustainability. This study investigated the activity, crude enzyme production and decolorization performance of the laccase enzyme from Megasporoporia sp. in solid-state media. The production of the enzyme in solid-state media was executed in two coupled modes of biphenyl as inducer and without biphenyl. The results showed a 62% increase in biphenyl enzyme production in the culture medium. Then the produced enzyme was used for decolorization examination for four different azo dyes. Enzyme activity and optimized dye removal performance were investigated for each dye at a different temperature, pH and times. Laccase enzyme from Megasporoporia sp. provides valuable insights into the potential use of these enzymes from an unstudied biological source for sustainable treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with azo dyes. By understanding production parameters and optimizing enzyme performance conditions, this research can contribute to developing enzyme-based processes that offer a suitable solution to mitigate the environmental and water resource hazards associated with azo-dye pollution in different industries.