Decoding the Conundrum: Navigating Intra-operatively Encountered Suspicious Gallbladder Wall Thickening with Laparoscopic Transhepatic Needle Decompression and Beyond Cystic Plate Cholecystectomy.

Abstract

Suspicious gallbladder wall thickening encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy poses challenges in its management. This study aims to address this problem by proposing a technique that involves laparoscopic transhepatic needle decompression and modified cystic plate cholecystectomy. In this report, we describe the case of a 36-year-old female with symptomatic gallstone disease and ultrasound findings of a well-distended gallbladder with a uniform wall thickness. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a distended, tense gallbladder with suspicious areas of thickness. Transhepatic aspiration was performed for gallbladder decompression, followed by modified cystic plate cholecystectomy with preservation of the thin rim of liver tissue over the cystic plate. The gallbladder was removed in a specimen bag, and final histopathology showed a hyalinized gallbladder wall with calcification and pyloric gland metaplasia, with liver tissue adhered to the gallbladder wall (Video). The proposed technique aimed to minimize the risk of bile spillage and violation of oncological planes while maintaining surgical integrity. It offers a middle path between standard and extended cholecystectomy, reducing the chance of over- or under-treatment. This approach ensures patient safety, minimizes the need for conversion to open surgery, and preserves the tumour-tissue interface. Intraoperatively encountered suspicious gallbladder wall thickening can be effectively managed with laparoscopic transhepatic needle decompression and modified cystic plate cholecystectomy.