Abstract
Vietnam, a high tuberculosis (TB) burden country, conducted national TB prevalence surveys in 2007 and 2017. In both surveys participants were screened by using a questionnaire and chest radiograph; sputum samples were then collected to test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by smear microscopy and Löwenstein-Jensen culture. Culture-positive, smear-positive, and smear-negative TB cases were defined by laboratory results, and the prevalence of tuberculosis was compared between the 2 surveys. The results showed prevalence of culture-positive TB decreased by 37% (95% CI 11.5%–55.4%), from 199 (95% CI 160–248) cases/100,000 adults in 2007 to 125 (95% CI 98–159) cases/100,000 adults in 2017. Prevalence of smear-positive TB dropped by 53% (95% CI 27.0%–69.7%), from 99 (95% CI 78–125) cases/100,000 adults to 46 (95% CI 32–68) cases/100,000 adults; smear-negative TB showed no substantial decrease. Replacing microscopy with molecular methods for primary diagnostics might enhance diagnosis of pulmonary TB cases and further lower TB burden.
Highlights
Hai Viet Nguyen, Hoa Binh Nguyen, Nhung Viet Nguyen, Frank Cobelens, Alyssa Finlay, Cu Huy Dao, Veriko Mirtskhulava, Philippe Glaziou, Huyen T.T
A high tuberculosis (TB) burden country, conducted national TB prevalence surveys in 2007 and 2017. In both surveys participants were screened by using a questionnaire and chest radiograph; sputum samples were collected to test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by smear microscopy and Löwenstein-Jensen culture
Culture-positive, smear-positive, and smear-negative TB cases were defined by laboratory results, and the prevalence of tuberculosis was compared between the 2 surveys
Summary
Hai Viet Nguyen, Hoa Binh Nguyen, Nhung Viet Nguyen, Frank Cobelens, Alyssa Finlay, Cu Huy Dao, Veriko Mirtskhulava, Philippe Glaziou, Huyen T.T. A high tuberculosis (TB) burden country, conducted national TB prevalence surveys in 2007 and 2017. Culture-positive, smear-positive, and smear-negative TB cases were defined by laboratory results, and the prevalence of tuberculosis was compared between the 2 surveys. To estimate TB incidence, WHO has applied the results of nationwide prevalence surveys to a model of disease duration distribution, among other estimation methods [3]. These surveys were administered to determine a country’s gaps in detecting TB cases, help plan interventions, and estimate the resources required [4]. After 2007 the TB notification rate in Vietnam declined [11], it remained unknown to what extent this represented a decrease in TB burden
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