Abstract
Wildland fires have been a rising problem on the worldwide level, generating ecological and economic losses. Specifically, between wildland fire types, uncontrolled fires are critical due to the potential damage to the ecosystem and their effects on the soil, and, in the last decade, different technologies have been applied to fight them. Selecting a specific technology and Decision Support Systems (DSS) is fundamental, since the results and validity of this could drastically oscillate according to the different environmental and geographic factors of the terrain to be studied. Given the above, a systematic mapping was realized, with the purpose of recognizing the most-used DSS and context where they have been applied. One hundred and eighty-three studies were found that used different types of DSS to solve problems of detection, prediction, prevention, monitoring, simulation, administration, and access to routes. The concepts key to the type of solution are related to the use or development of systems or Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the computer science area. Although the use of BA and Big Data has increased in recent years, there are still many challenges to face, such as staff training, the friendly environment of DSS, and real-time decision-making.
Highlights
Wildland areas tend to be complex environments that cover one-third of the Earth’s surface [1]
The results of the systematic mapping were considered concerning the domain of Systems in Wildland Fires, and the validity of the results presented in this document referred only to the domain of Decision Support Systems (DSS)
This paper presented a systematic mapping of studies on DSS for wildland fire management to obtain an overall view of the solutions presented by industry and the scientific community
Summary
Wildland areas tend to be complex environments that cover one-third of the Earth’s surface [1] These locations are affected by various environmental and anthropic factors and by fires, which are the most dangerous and destructive due to the speed of their propagation [2]. Attempts at fire exclusion instead of land management have brought about ecological changes that are another factor to consider In light of these issues, Finney described the prevention of disasters caused by wildland fires and the success in their management more completely as risk reduction [4]. DSS are the area of the discipline of information systems (IS) that concentrates on supporting and improving managerial decision-making [16]. DSS is a philosophy of information systems development and use and not a technology [21]
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