Deciphering the role of sugars on aggregation and interfacial behavior of Gemini surfactant

Abstract

The current study describes the mechanism of micellization and physical as well as chemical characteristics of ethylene-1, 2-bis (N, N-dimethyl-N-tetradecylammonium bromide) (14−2−14) in an aqueous solution of saccharides/sugars/carbohydrates (D-mannose, sucrose and raffinose) with concentrations 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mol/kg at different temperatures between 298.15 and 328.15 K. Conductometric and tensiometric measurements were applied to examine micellar modulation of 14–2–14 in terms of critical micelle concentration (CMC). The values of CMC from conductivity measurements are validated by the outcomes of surface tension measurements. Moreover, dependency of CMC over temperature has been used for computing thermodynamic parameters of micellization so as to acquire an enhanced insight into 14–2–14 behavior and occurrence of intermolecular interactions in the system. Since Gemini surfactants have lower CMC as well as greater surface activity in comparison to conventional surfactants, they result in the better formulation of saccharides-emulsifier (surfactant) combination in various food as well as cosmetic products.