Abstract
This chapter focuses on discovering oxygen sensing pathways by microscopy. Under normoxic conditions, O 2 sensing leads to an optimizing of cell function as exemplified by an enhanced phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) expression in the periportal liver zone with high PO 2 levels and of enhanced glukokinase (GK) expression in the perivenous liver zone with low PO 2 levels. Under arterial hypoxia tissue, PO 2 frequency distribution is left shifted, leading to a hypoxic response of O 2 sensing for adaptation of cell function. In this chapter, three optical methods used to identify, locate, and image several putative members of the oxygen sensing pathway and their reaction to hypoxia are discussed. The three optical methods are based on light absorption photometry, the optical probe technique, and two-photon confocal laser microscopy. The described microscopic techniques are unique tools to reveal nature, regulation, and localization of critical members of the oxygen sensing pathway. Three-dimensional imaging of intracellular oxygen sensing and concepts related to two photon confocal laser-scanning microscopy and intracellular localization of prolyl hydroxylases are described.
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