Deciphering the link: A cutting-edge exploration of the intriguing connection between recurrent pregnancy loss and rare earth elements-Lutetium, praseodymium, samarium, dysprosium, and cerium.

Abstract

To evaluate the levels of serum rare earth elements (REEs): lutetium [Lu], praseodymium [Pr], samarium [Sm], dysprosium [Dy], and cerium [Ce] in pregnant women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and evaluate their relationship with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of DNA damage. A case-controlled study was conducted on a cohort of 60 female participants, with first-trimester healthy pregnant women as the control group and pregnant women with a history of consecutive abortions as the recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) group. Following blood collection, serum concentrations of Lu, Pr, Sm, Dy, and Ce were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). Oxidative stress and DNA damage were evaluated through TAC and DNA damage marker (8-OHdG). Serum levels of Lu, Pr, Sm, Dy, and Ce were higher in women with RPL compared with control (P < 0.001). Intriguingly, a strong significant negative correlation was observed between TAC and REEs (P < 0.05). Lu, Dy, and Ce demonstrated a significant positive correlation with increased DNA damage in the RPL group (P < 0.05). Contrary, there was no evidence of a correlation between 8-OHdG and Pr and Sm. The study highlights a potential association between Lu, Sm, Dy, and Ce and an increased risk of RPL, highlighting REE-induced toxicity as a major risk factor for RPL. The outcome of the study is to advance our understanding of the interplay between rare earth elements and RPL, with potential implications for reproductive medicine, environmental health, and the development of preventive strategies for individuals at risk of RPL.