Abstract
We report a case of rare, florid peritoneal deciduosis in a 36 year old patient who underwent a caesarean section at the 37th week of her first pregnancy after labour induction failed. She had an unremarkable previous medical history. On laparotomy, multiple firm, whitish nodules measuring between 0.2 and 0.5cm were seen in the abdominal cavity. As peritoneal carcinomatosis was suspected, biopsies were taken of ovaries, bladder, omentum and appendix. A thoraco-abdominopelvic CT scan was performed postoperatively which showed abdominal-peritoneal involvement and ascites. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of diffuse peritoneal deciduosis. Diffuse peritoneal deciduosis must be carefully differentiated from tumour metastases and deciduoid mesothelioma as it usually regresses spontaneously after delivery.
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