Abstract
Allogeneic organ transplantation remains the ultimate solution for end-stage organ failure. Yet, the clinical application is limited by the shortage of donor organs and the need for lifelong immunosuppression, highlighting the importance of developing effective therapeutic strategies. In the field of regenerative medicine, various regenerative technologies have lately been developed using various biomaterials to address these limitations. Decellularized scaffolds, derived mainly from various non-autologous organs, have been proved a regenerative capability in vivo and in vitro and become an emerging treatment approach. However, this regenerative capability varies between scaffolds as a result of the diversity of anatomical structure and cellular composition of organs used for decellularization. Herein, recent advances in scaffolds based on organ regeneration in vivo and in vitro are highlighted along with aspects where further investigations and analyses are needed.
Highlights
Allogeneic organ transplantation remains the ultimate solution for end-stage organ failure; shortage of donor organs has resulted in extending transplantation waiting lists
We successfully demonstrated that the renal decellularized scaffolds can induce regeneration of injured kidney [45] (Figure 4)
The regenerative mechanisms of various organs differ from each other and strategies in organ regeneration based on the decellularized scaffold should be diversified
Summary
Allogeneic organ transplantation remains the ultimate solution for end-stage organ failure; shortage of donor organs has resulted in extending transplantation waiting lists. In vitro studies, relying on bioreactors, researchers investigated the effect (role) of these scaffolds on cell proliferation and organ construction. In vivo implantations of decellularized scaffolds explored the effect of the scaffold on promoting angiogenesis and local regeneration (Figure 1). The seeded iPSCs were able to migrate, proliferate and differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes after implanting, enabling the constructed cardiac tissues to demonstrate contractility [15] .
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