Decellularised extracellular matrices promote mesenchymal stem cell expansion and support osteogenic differentiation

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Decellularised extracellular matrices promote mesenchymal stem cell expansion and support osteogenic differentiation Daniel Heath1*, Gina Kusuma1*, Shaun Brennecke2, 3* and Bill Kalionis2, 3* 1 University of Melbourne, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Australia 2 Royal Women's Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Australia 3 Royal Women's Hospital, Pregnancy Research Centre, Australia Aims: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapies require extensive ex vivo cell expansion to obtain sufficient cell numbers. However, MSC expansion is limited to few passages (~5) after which cells senescence, spontaneously differentiate, and/or lose phenotype. Recent studies have shown that decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from fetal bone marrow-derived MSCs can maintain the phenotype of adult bone marrow-derived MSCs during extensive ex vivo expansion. However, the source material is very limited and encumbered by legal and ethical concerns. Placental MSCs share some properties of fetal MSC and are abundant and readily obtainable. The general hypothesis is that dECM derived from placental stem cells will provide a superior platform for the growth of MSCs and maintain of their stemness during prolonged culture. Methods: Placental MSC cultures were decellularised using PBS containing 0.5% Triton X-100 and 20mM NH4OH. Decellularised ECM (dECM) composition was assessed. Proliferation and differentiation properties of two types of MSC, decidua basalis MSCs (DMSCs) and chorionic villous MSCs (CMSCs), grown on the dECM-coated surface were compared with standard culture surfaces including artificial matrices (i.e. fibronectin) and tissue culture plastic (TCP). Results: Decellularization was confirmed by light microscopy and the absence of DAPI nuclear signal. DMSCs and CMSCs grown on dECM showed significantly increased cell numbers compared with controls (DMSCs: dECM; 1550 ± 370.7, fibronectin; 526.7 ± 32.45, TCP; 591.7 ± 89.5: CMSCs: ECM; 1091 ± 160.2, fibronectin; 576.7 ± 35.86, TCP; 538.3 ± 4.4, all figures are mean ± SEM, 1x103 cells). Osteogenic differentiation was quantified by hydroxyapatite/mineral deposition. After 14 days induction period, both DMSCs and CMSCs cultured on dECM deposited significantly more mineral compared to controls. Conclusions: These data indicate that dECM supports the growth of at least 2 different types of MSC; CMSCs and DMSCs, and also increases cell proliferation and enhances osteogenic differentiation. dECM substrates have the potential to support extensive expansion of MSCs, while maintaining stemness. This is an essential prerequisite for the preparation of MSCs for human stem cell therapies. Keywords: stem cell, acellullar matrix, bioactive interface, matrix-cell interaction Conference: 10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Biomaterials in mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell biology Citation: Heath D, Kusuma G, Brennecke S and Kalionis B (2016). Decellularised extracellular matrices promote mesenchymal stem cell expansion and support osteogenic differentiation. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Conference Abstract: 10th World Biomaterials Congress. doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.01611 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. 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Received: 27 Mar 2016; Published Online: 30 Mar 2016. * Correspondence: Dr. Daniel Heath, University of Melbourne, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, Email1 Dr. Gina Kusuma, University of Melbourne, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, gina.kusuma@unimelb.edu.au Dr. Shaun Brennecke, Royal Women's Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Melbourne, Australia, s.brennecke@unimelb.edu.au Dr. Bill Kalionis, Royal Women's Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Melbourne, Australia, kalionis@unimelb.edu.au Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Daniel Heath Gina Kusuma Shaun Brennecke Bill Kalionis Google Daniel Heath Gina Kusuma Shaun Brennecke Bill Kalionis Google Scholar Daniel Heath Gina Kusuma Shaun Brennecke Bill Kalionis PubMed Daniel Heath Gina Kusuma Shaun Brennecke Bill Kalionis Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.