Decay resistance of scotch pine wood impregnated with Agaricus campestris bio-protective extract

Sibel Yildiz,Aysenur Yilmaz,Ümit C Yildiz

doi:10.4067/s0718-221x2019005000312

Abstract

In this study, it was investigated the possibilities of the use of fungal extract as wood protection solution against wood-degrading fungi. For that purpose, the decay resistance of Scotch pine wood samples, impregnated with Agaricus campestris fungal extract, was observed against the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana. Impregnation procedure was applied at four different concentration levels and with two different extraction methods (hot water and methanol). The concentration levels were arranged as 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% for hot water and as 1.25%, 3.75%, 6.25%, 8.75% for methanol. The wood protective efficacy of extract solutions was determined by means of fungi decay test. The mass losses of the samples treated with both fungal extracts ranged from 3.53 to 20.91. The lowest mass losses in hot water (4.57%) and methanol extractions (3.53%) were seen in the samples treated at the highest concentration levels (7% and 8.75%). The wood samples impregnated at 7% and 8.75% concentration levels met the requirements of durability class 1 and were classified as very durable. Antifungal activity of methanol extract was stronger than that of the hot water extract. The variations which concentration levels were less than 7% did not have adequate protection to meet the requirements of the European norms.

Highlights

The results indicated that the retention values increased with increasing the concentration levels of the fungal extracts, in all variations
After the decay test, which was performed with modified sample sizes, the mass losses of the samples treated with both fungal extracts ranged from 3,53 to 20,91
The wood samples impregnated at 7% and 8,75% concentrations reached the demand of durability class 1 and were classified as very durable

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Chemical-based preservatives are protect wood from attacks by these organisms (Brown et al 2001, Nurudeen et al 2012) This type of non-biodegradable chemicals has been limited in many countries, in last years due to their undesirable effects on environment and human health (Pánek et al 2014). With the invention and advancement of antibiotics in the early 20th century, many herbicides, insecticides, antibacterial and antifungal agents have been obtained from some important fungal metabolites, and these have been used for plant protection in the agricultural industry (Butt et al 2001, Yang 2009). Several fungal species were examined for the generation of metabolites toxic to spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) larvae (Calhoun et al 1992). For that purpose the antifungal activity of Agaricus campestris (field mushroom),which has been known as edible species, was examined against the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULT

Findings

CONCLUSIONS