Abstract
The aim of the article is a theoretical description and experimental study of the melt jet expiration process from a perforated shell of a vibrating granulator. Mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic flows was carried out based on the points of classical fluid and gas mechanics and technical hydromechanics. Reliability of the obtained experimental results is based on the application of time-tested in practice methods. Hydrodynamic properties of the liquid jet outflow were obtained. The presented mathematical model allows calculation of the radial component of the jet outflow velocity, as well as determination of the influences of physical and chemical properties of the liquid and the outflow hole diameter on the jet length and flow velocity along the axis to its disintegration into separated drops. The developed mathematical model extended with the theoretical description of the melt dispersion process from rotating perforated shells allowed us to improve design of the granulator to stabilize hydrodynamic parameters of the melt movement. The nitrogen fertilizers melt disperser was investigated regarding industrial-scale production and operating parameters of the process of jet decay into drops, drop size and monodispersity level were optimized.
Highlights
Liquid dispersion processes forming micro- or macro drops are used in power generation, medicine, chemical industry, agriculture and other spheres of human activity. Efficiency of these technological processes and equipment is largely determined by the quality of liquid dispersion, which usually involves obtaining monodisperse drops [1]. This fully applies to the production of the commodity form of nitrogen fertilizers, which is carried out in two main ways [2]: - granulation starting from the liquid phase by dispersing it on the surface of suspended particles in a fluidized bed that can be variously configured [3,4,5,6,7,8], including vortex granulation [9,10]; - granulation starting from the liquid phase by dispersing into drops followed by crystallization of the solute by dewatering and cooling
Melt dispersion devices can be classified by the form of the working part and by the presence of internal devices in the perforated shell
The model of the jet decay is based on the solution of Navier-Stokes equations (11) - (12) and the flow continuity equation (13) in cylindrical coordinates [9], with the following simplifications: - flow is axially symmetrical; - cross-section of the jet is circular, there is only jet restriction and extension
Summary
Liquid dispersion processes forming micro- or macro drops are used in power generation, medicine, chemical industry, agriculture and other spheres of human activity. Efficiency of these technological processes and equipment is largely determined by the quality of liquid dispersion, which usually involves obtaining monodisperse drops [1]. Melt dispersion devices can be classified by the form of the working part (i.e. perforated shell) and by the presence of internal devices in the perforated shell. These devices differ in the nature of force acting on the melt and
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