Abstract

A low cost catalyst prepared by pyrolyzing electrode coating material from spent Li-ion battery cells was shown as an effective catalyst for the decarboxylative - dimerization of levulinic acid to a mixture of C6 and C9 fuel precursors. The highest levulinic acid conversion of 94% was observed with 10% (w/w) catalyst loading under 1.24 MPa H2 at 140 °C, 15 h. A reaction scheme was proposed to explain the novel transformation producing C9 lactone products and C6 unsaturated alcohol product through a decarboxylative pathway followed by the aldol dimerization of levulinic acid.

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.