Death of Philosophy: On the Edge of Thought (polemical essay)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of the marginalization of philosophy in the modern world. The starting point of the study is the position of Oswald Spengler about the loss of understanding of the meaning and significance of philosophy in the situation of the death of European civilization. The article highlights the main signs of the degeneration of philosophical thought in modern society, among which the author refers to the atomization of philosophical discourse, the blurring of the boundaries between philosophical thought and scientific research, the loss of transcendental dimensions by philosophy, the marginalization of philosophical discourse and the phenomenon of "turn". The study pays special attention to the anthropological and linguistic turn. In particular, the author substantiates the thesis that modern philosophy does not just address the problem of language, but replaces being, as the main category of philosophy, with a sign and its structural components. The article criticizes positivism and poststructuralism as crisis and borderline phenomena of modern philosophical thought. The thesis is substantiated that the transformation of philosophical discourse in the post-metaphysical directions of modern thought leads to the distortion and loss of the original meaning of philosophy. The author made an attempt to reconstruct the original meaning of philosophy. The study uses the methodological principles and attitudes of historical and philosophical reconstruction, discourse analysis and semiotics.