Abstract
The use of structure theory of Petri nets to develop efficient deadlock prevention and deadlock avoidance methods for flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) modelled by S4R nets is demonstrated. Major synchronisation patterns, such as generalised parallel and sequential mutual exclusion, frequently observed in FMS contexts can be represented by this class. The liveness property of a given S4R net (deadlock-freeness in the context of FMSs) is characterised in terms of structural Petri net elements called siphons. An efficient method for controlling minimal siphons of a given S4R net is developed where local control places are added to the net. A sufficient condition for liveness of the augmented net is provided. This constitutes a deadlock prevention approach. When the net liveness condition is not satisfied, an on-line controller, using a dynamic resource allocation policy, is developed for the augmented net. The performance of the proposed approaches is illustrated using several examples.
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