Deadenylation of mRNA by the CCR4-NOT complex in Drosophila: molecular and developmental aspects.

Claudia Temme,Martine Simonelig,Elmar Wahle

doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00143

Abstract

Controlled shortening of the poly(A) tail of mRNAs is the first step in eukaryotic mRNA decay and can also be used for translational inactivation of mRNAs. The CCR4–NOT complex is the most important among a small number of deadenylases, enzymes catalyzing poly(A) tail shortening. Rates of poly(A) shortening differ between mRNAs as the CCR4–NOT complex is recruited to specific mRNAs by means of either sequence-specific RNA binding proteins or miRNAs. This review summarizes our current knowledge concerning the subunit composition and deadenylation activity of the Drosophila CCR4–NOT complex and the mechanisms by which the complex is recruited to particular mRNAs. We discuss genetic data implicating the complex in the regulation of specific mRNAs, in particular in the context of development.

Highlights

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Rates of poly(A) shortening differ between mRNAs as the CCR4–NOT complex is recruited to specific mRNAs by means of either sequence-specific RNA binding proteins or miRNAs.This review summarizes our current knowledge concerning the subunit
Deadenylation is the first step in mRNA decay, and subsequent steps are triggered by shortening of the poly(A) tail below a certain, not very well defined, threshold

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The poly(A) tails of eukaryotic mRNAs, which are added with a more or less uniform but species-specific length during 3 end processing in the nucleus, are subject to shortening in the cytoplasm, a process termed deadenylation. The complex can repress translation independently of deadenylation (Cooke et al, 2010; Braun et al, 2011; Chekulaeva et al, 2011; Bawankar et al, 2013; Zekri et al, 2013; Bhandari et al, 2014; Chen et al, 2014a; Mathys et al, 2014), and a role in transcription is being investigated (Collart and Panasenko, 2012) These other functions will not be covered.

Name of subunit

Name of polypeptide