Abstract
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a model organism with great agricultural economic value that plays a crucial role in biological studies. B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a major viral pathogen found in silkworms, which leads to huge silk loss annually. In a recent lysine acetylome of silkworm infected with BmNPV, we focused on the heat shock cognate protein 70-4 (HSC70-4) lysine acetylation change due to the consequent nuclear accumulation and viral structure assembly. In this study, the genome replication, proliferation, and production of budded viruses (BVs) were arrested by HSP/HSC70 inhibitor treatment. However, HSC70-4 overexpression enhanced BmNPV reproduction. Furthermore, site-direct mutagenesis for acetylated mimic (K/Q) or deacetylated mimic (K/R) mutants of HSC70-4 demonstrated that lysine 77 (K77) deacetylation promotes HSC70-4 stability, viral DNA duplication, and HSC70-4 nuclear entry upon BmNPV challenge, and the nuclear propulsion of HSC70-4 after viral stimulus might be dependent on the interaction with the carboxyl terminus of HSC70-interacting protein (CHIP, an E3 ubiquitin ligase), followed by ubiquitin-proteasome system assistance. In this study, single lysine 77 deacetylation of HSC70-4 was deemed a part of the locomotive pathway for facilitating BmNPV proliferation and provided novel insights into the antiviral strategic development.
Highlights
Silkworms play an essential role in the ancient Silk Road trade because of their derivative silk with high tremendous economic value, but are of significance in research with respect to ease of rearing, acquisition of genome sequence, and availability of mutants from genetically homogeneous inbred lines (Xia et al, 2004)
The findings were consistent with the total viral DNA amount (Figure 1D), Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) propagation (Figure 1E), and budded viruses (BVs) production (Figure 1F) that declines after HSP/heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) ATPase activity impairment with infection progress
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a pathogen that threatens the survival of silkworms; the baculovirus expression vector system could be used for the commercial manufacture of protein mass
Summary
Silkworms play an essential role in the ancient Silk Road trade because of their derivative silk with high tremendous economic value, but are of significance in research with respect to ease of rearing, acquisition of genome sequence, and availability of mutants from genetically homogeneous inbred lines (Xia et al, 2004). Two distinct virion phenotypes are responsible for disseminating in insects or cells, respectively (Jiang and Xia, 2014). One is the occlusion-derived virus (ODV), which contains numerous virions within a crystallized protein, called polyhedron, that promotes oral infection. A detailed baculovirus invasion mechanism and silkworm immune response still need further understanding (Jiang et al, 2021a)
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