Abstract
A de novo transcriptome analysis was performed in C. album, a temperature sensitive fruit tree in China, after treatment with varied temperatures. A total number of 168,385 transcripts were assembled, comprising of 109,439 unigenes, of which 70,530 were successfully annotated. Compared with control check group (CK), which was treated under 25 °C, the chilling stress (4 °C) treated group (CT), showed about 2810 up-regulated and 2567 down-regulated genes. Whereas, group treated under freezing (− 3 °C) stress (FT) showed an up-regulation and a down-regulation of 1748 and 1459 genes, respectively. GO classification analysis revealed that DEGs related to metabolic processes, single-organism metabolic process, and catalytic activity are significantly enriched in both CT and FT conditions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for both CT and FT treatments showed an enrichment of genes encoding or related to glycine/serine and threonine metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, and circadian rhythm. However, genes related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, glutathione metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism were specifically enriched in CT condition. Nevertheless, FT treatment induced genes related to plant-pathogen interaction, linoleic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and pentose phosphate pathway. Many of the genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction showed significantly different expression in both FT and CT conditions. However, the change was more evident in FT. Here we present the first of the reports for a de novo transcriptomic analysis in C. album, suggesting that the plant shows differential responses in chilling and freezing temperatures, where the hormone signaling and transduction contribute greatly to FT responses. Our study thus paves way for future research regarding functions of these potentially identified genes.
Highlights
A de novo transcriptome analysis was performed in C. album, a temperature sensitive fruit tree in China, after treatment with varied temperatures
A total of 44,734,290, 44,448,624 and 44,987,308 original raw reads were obtained for check group (CK), chilling stress treatment (CT) and freezing stress treatment (FT), respectively
After removing low quality reads, 94.40% (6.33 G), 94.14% (6.28 G) and 94.27% (6.36 G) reads were used for further analysis for CK, CT and FT, respectively
Summary
A de novo transcriptome analysis was performed in C. album, a temperature sensitive fruit tree in China, after treatment with varied temperatures. We present the first of the reports for a de novo transcriptomic analysis in C. album, suggesting that the plant shows differential responses in chilling and freezing temperatures, where the hormone signaling and transduction contribute greatly to FT responses. RNA sequencing technology (RNA-Seq) is widely helpful in discovering the molecular mechanisms involved in plant stress responses including changes to metabolism and the relationship between host energy metabolism, signal transduction and various defense r esponses[6]. Transcriptional regulation, molecular transport and signal transduction pathways, involved in the adaptation to low temperatures in Saussurea involucrate have been studied using de novo RNA-Seq[8]. An evergreen and high nutritional fruit tree, is mainly distributed and cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Sichuan and Chongqing provinces of China It is cultivated in a small numbers in north-central Vietnam, Japan and Malay Peninsula. Results from our study provide basis for the gene function analysis and are helpful for uncovering the LT response mechanisms in C. album
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