De Novo Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Subsequent Diagnosis of Primary Solid Tumors: Evidence from the National Cancer Institute 2001-2011.

Abstract

To our knowledge there are no population-level studies on the association between non-treatment-related myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and subsequent primary solid tumors. Adult patients diagnosed with non-treatment-related MDS were selected from the SEER 18 database and the risk of subsequent primary solid tumor was calculated. A total of 40,780 patients with a diagnosis of MDS were reported in the SEER 18 registry during 2001 to 2011. In these patients, 2,111 subsequent primary solid tumors were diagnosed with an observed/expected (O/E) ratio of 1.16 and an absolute excess risk of 26.86 per 10,000. Diagnosis of subsequent solid tumor was most likely immediately after diagnosis of MDS or within 1 year of diagnosis. The risk of diagnosis of primary solid tumor malignancy in adult patients with de novo MDS is significantly higher compared to the general population. It is unclear whether this is due to detection bias or underlying pathophysiology.