De la red al piso de protección social: la trayectoria de la política social en los organismos multilaterales

Abstract

From the mid-1990s to the present, the dominant development model shifted from the Washington Consensus to the Post Washington Consensus. This shift encouraged a shift in the global social policy paradigm, from the Social Safety Net to the Social Protection Floor. The objective of this article is to analyse the political process of transformation of global social policy promoted by multilateral organizations. Based on a qualitative methodology, centred on documentary analysis, it is proposed that each paradigm of social policy is linked to the postulates of the current development model. While in the 1990s the World Bank promoted the Social Safety Net, understood as focused and exceptional social policies in the face of optimism in market solutions; following the 2008 financial crisis, and inspired by the experience of conditional cash transfers in Latin America, the ILO promotes the Social Protection Floor, which includes a broader, quasi-universal and rights-based approach to social policy.