De l’idéologie à la violence symbolique : culture, classe et conscience chez Marx et Bourdieu

Abstract

This article offers a critical examination of Marx 's and Bourdieu' s theories of culture, consciousness, and ideology, briefly charting their development and counterposing their core conceptual elements. Both the merits and the limits of Marx 's views, focused in turn on aliened consciousness, the imposition of the ideas of the ruling class, and commodity fetishism, are traced back to hi s objectivist rupture with idealism and subjective representations Bourdieu's subsequent attempt to theorize the relative autonomy ant structuring potency of culture by reintegrating representations into a fuller model centered on the notions of symbolic violence, field, and habitus, ant highlighting classification struggles in everyday life and the legitimating function of high culture, is outlined.