Abstract
This paper describes both an approximate and an exact method to remove the Doppler shift from underwater acoustic data. The approximate method can be applied to Doppler shifts of arbitrary time dependence. Calculational constraints currently limit the exact method to Doppler shifts that have either a constant or a linear time dependence. The accuracy of the results produced by both methods differ only minimally. The technique used by the methods to achieve de-Dopplerization involves working with the phase of the received signal. The implementation of these methods in a signal processing system that de-Dopplerizes using a variable sampling frequency is described; both a hardware and a software implementation of the methods are discussed. Results of tests conducted with both simulated and actual field data show that the methods correct for Doppler effectively.
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