Abstract
Abstract Aim Evidence shows that incisional hernia (IH) formation may result from connective tissue alterations in a subgroup of individuals. Collagen signature typical of weaker tissues and healing wounds was reported by several groups. Such changes in the incisional scar may lead to IH formation. With the use of advanced imaging (Raman spectroscopy) we aim to investigate the composition and structure of the abdominal midline. We selected the porcine model to validate the use of Raman Spectroscopy for studying the anterior abdominal wall and calibrating it as a reference tool for human studies. Materials & Methods Raman spectroscopy, a technique widely used in physical sciences, is deployed to provide a chemical and structural fingerprint of the midline. Collagen produces specific Raman spectra, which allows its identification and analysis in biological samples. The porcine abdomen is similar in structure and composition to the human abdomen and is therefore suitable as reference tissue to validate Raman spectroscopy for human studies. Results Preliminary spectral data (linea alba, rectus sheet, muscle, skin, fat) showed differential collagen, lipid and muscle fibre content in corresponding layers of the porcine abdomen. Notably, characteristic collagen related Raman bands were confirmed. Conclusions The porcine abdominal wall is similar to that of humans. Hence using this model system, we can validate the use of Raman spectroscopy for the investigation of collagen in IH scars. A pilot trial has now been set up to study human scar collagen in patients undergoing IH repair and patient recruitment has begun.
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