Abstract
The CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, houses the largest silicon strip tracker ever built. For the foreseen luminosity upgrade of the LHC, the Super-LHC, however, a completely new silicon tracker will have to be constructed. One out of several major improvements currently under consideration is the implementation of a track trigger, with tracking information being provided to the first level trigger. Such an intelligent tracker design, utilising fast digital readout electronics, will most certainly lead to an increased power consumption, compared to today's tracker. In combination with the desire to reduce the amount of passive material inside the tracking volume and the impracticality to exchange or even add additional supply cables, a novel powering scheme will be inevitable. In this article a powering scheme based on DC-DC conversion is proposed, and requirements for the DC-DC converters are discussed. Studies of important DC-DC converter quantities such as the power efficiency, conducted and radiated noise levels, and material budget are presented, and a possible implementation of DC-DC buck converters into one proposed track trigger layout is sketched.
Highlights
The CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, houses the largest silicon strip tracker ever built
Layout suggestions range from one stacked layer combined with a classical strip tracker, to a tracker constructed exclusively from stacked layers, arranged as double-stacks [4]
DC-DC converters with non-radiation-hard commercial chips of type EQ5382D by Enpirion have been developed (AC2) [6]
Summary
Several suggestions for the implementation of a track trigger have been put forward. All are based on the discrimination between low and high transverse momentum (pT ) tracks to reduce the amount of information that needs to be transmitted off-detector, by exploiting the bending of tracks in the magnetic field [2]. Ideas include the pT measurement via the cluster width or in closely (1-2 mm) spaced detector layers (stacked layers) [3]. The resulting 2-hit track pieces are forwarded to the L1 trigger. Power-hungry, fast digital electronics would be needed to correlate hit positions within one stack. Layout suggestions range from one stacked layer combined with a classical strip tracker, to a tracker constructed exclusively from stacked layers, arranged as double-stacks [4]. Stacked layers present a challenging environment for DC-DC converters, as will be detailed in the following
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