Abstract
In this paper, a DC microgrid solution is proposed to mitigate the high penetration levels of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs). The microgrid is designed to integrate the regenerative energy available as a result of trains braking at adjacent subway lines. Therefore, the proposed configuration not only helps the distribution network accommodate more renewable energy, but also reduces the energy consumption and peak demand associated with the nearby electrified transportation system. A framework for DC microgrid control has been developed and evaluated using a case study. The results prove the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control framework.
Highlights
Power systems worldwide are undergoing unprecedented advances, in order to achieve two main goals
Sustainability 2022, 14, 1558 expected to strain the distribution network. The solution to these challenges requires the development of a set of optimal control strategies and energy management algorithms to reliably operate the power grid
distributed energy resources (DERs) are typically integrated at the distribution level, which already in its current status, represents a weak ring in the power delivery chain, i.e., some deficiencies include a lack of automated analysis, poor visibility, lack of situational awareness, and slow response time
Summary
Power systems worldwide are undergoing unprecedented advances, in order to achieve two main goals. With the rapidly evolving electric vehicle (EV) technologies and dropping battery costs, more EVs are expected on the KSA’s roads within the coming few years Both renewable energy and electric vehicles impose a set of looming challenges to power grid operators. Sustainability 2022, 14, 1558 expected to strain the distribution network The solution to these challenges requires the development of a set of optimal control strategies and energy management algorithms to reliably operate the power grid. In 2020, the São Paulo Research Foundation presented a power management strategy (PMS) to control the power flow in a microgrid model composed of the AC utility grid, interfaced with a voltage source converter, an ESS, a distributed generator, and customer loads [5]. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: in Section 2, an overview of the challenges associated with electrified transportation has been provided; Section 3 focuses on the DC energy hub concept; in Section 4, the case study is described; in Section 5, the results and discussion are presented; in Section 6, the main conclusions of this study are summarized
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