Abstract
It has been suggested that electromagnetic fields could be used to differentiate neurons in culture but how to do this is not clear. We investigated the effect of external magnetic fields (DC and AC MF) on neuronal viability, differentiation, and neurite outgrowth of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells in vitro. A strong low frequency DC MF or a weak AC MF improved retinoic acid-mediated neuronal differentiation and increased neurite length, without any adverse effects on neuronal viability. Even in the absence of the conventional differentiation factor, retinoic acid, DC and AC MF promoted neurite outgrowth. No significant negative effect on cell viability was observed after MF exposure and the DC MF had greater effects on neurite length and branch number than AC MF. Thus, we have identified a novel, simple and cost-effective method that is easy to set up in any cell culture laboratory that can be used to efficiently differentiate neuronal-like cells, using a DC MF without the need for expensive reagents. This research provides a fresh approach to promote neurite outgrowth in a commonly used neuronal-like cell line model and may be applicable to neural stem cells or primary neurons.
Highlights
It is almost impossible to avoid exposure to electromagnetic elds (EMF) in modern society, the effect of EMF on neurogenesis and neuronal function remains unclear
1% FBS to induce neuronal differentiation along with the treatments: vehicle (DMSO), retinoic acid (RA), AC MF, DC MF, AC + RA, DC + RA. (B) Neurite length was measured every day from day 1–7 in the cells cultured in 10% FBS or 1% FBS with the treatments: vehicle (DMSO), RA, AC MF, DC MF, AC + RA, DC + RA. (C) Neurite branch points were assessed every day from day 1–7 in the cells cultured in 10% FBS or 1% FBS with the treatments: vehicle (DMSO), RA, AC MF, DC MF, AC + RA, DC + RA
DC MF + RA and AC MF + RA treatment further increased neurite length compared to RA alone, which became signi cantly different from RA alone from day 3 for both DC MF and AC MF (p < 0.001)
Summary
It is almost impossible to avoid exposure to electromagnetic elds (EMF) in modern society, the effect of EMF on neurogenesis and neuronal function remains unclear. Understanding the impact of EMF on neurons is required. Within the eld of cellular neuroscience, a major challenge is generating cells that faithfully recapitulate neuronal function. Many researchers use neuronal-like cancer cell lines, such as human SH-SY5Y or mouse Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells to provide relatively easy access to a vast number of cells for analysis.[1] These. Paper the cells to exit the cell cycle, extend neurites and become terminally differentiated, expressing genes required for neuronal function.[1] Given the need for a simpler, more costeffective system, we investigated whether a high DC MF could improve the viability and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells
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