Abstract
The geomagnetic data obtained from Amber Network station in Cameroon have been used for this study. The variability of H component of geomagnetic field has been examined by using geomagnetic field data of X and Y components recorded at AMBER magnetometer station hosted by the Department of Physics of University of Yaoundé (3.87°N, 11.52°E). The day-to-day variability of the horizontal intensity of the geomagnetic field was examined and shows that the scattering of H component of magnetic field variation is more on disturbed than that on quiet condition. The signatures H of geomagnetic Sq and Sd variations in intensities in the geomagnetic element, has been studied. This study shows that the daytime variations in intensities of geomagnetic elements H, Sq(H) and Sd(H) respectively are generally greater than night-time ones. This paper interests answering the two questions: 1) how can geomagnetic variations be used to study the equatorial ionosphere electrodynamics and electrojet equatorial over Africa in general and Cameroon in particular? 2) How can geomagnetic variations be used to monitor and predict space weather events in Cameroon? This paper presents and interprets the results of H component of geomagnetic field variations during magnetic storms and on quiet days.
Highlights
Through a cooperative program with the United Nations Basic Space Science (UNBSS) program, the IHY/ISWI has facilitated the deployment of a number of arrays of small instruments to make global measurements of space-physics-related phenomena
The equatorial electrojet current (EEJ) produces a strong enhancement in the H component magnetic field measured by magnetometers located within ±3_ of the magnetic equator
The difference is the only part of the H component field that is related to the EEJ current contribution which, in turn, is directly related to the east-west electric field
Summary
Through a cooperative program with the United Nations Basic Space Science (UNBSS) program, the IHY/ISWI has facilitated the deployment of a number of arrays of small instruments to make global measurements of space-physics-related phenomena. The African Meridian B field Education and Research (AMBER) magnetometer array is one of the ground-based instruments deployed in Africa under the IHY program [1]. The equatorial electrojet current (EEJ) produces a strong enhancement in the H component magnetic field measured by magnetometers located within ±3_ of the magnetic equator. In principle, measuring this perturbation in equatorial magnetometers could provide a direct measure of the EEJ. Ground magnetometers just outside the extent of the EEJ, 6_–9_ off the dip equator, would exhibit near-zero response to the EEJ, but have the same response to the ring and Sq currents as an equatorial station. This provides the variation of daytime H component values of each magnetometer
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