Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to analyze daytime sleepiness in a sample of patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Methods A sample of 1197 German sarcoidosis patients was examined with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Fatigue Assessment Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-8). The patients' ESS mean scores were compared with those obtained from a large general population sample. Results Exactly 50% of the patients reached the criterion (ESS > 10) for excessive daytime sleepiness, compared with only 22.1% in the general population. The effect size for the mean score difference between both samples was d=0.62. The number of affected organs and the number of concomitant diseases proved to be significant independent predictors of daytime sleepiness. Sleepiness was associated with fatigue (r=0.45), anxiety (r=0.23), depression (r=0.28), sleep problems (r=0.23), and detriments in physical (r=−0.29) and mental (r=−0.28) quality of life. Conclusions The issue of excessive daytime sleepiness should be considered in the management of sarcoidosis.
Highlights
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease, characterized by epitheloid granulomas [1]
Fatigue is a symptom that is prevalent in these patients [4]. is symptom is associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which is defined as difficulty in maintaining an alert awake state in everyday situations [5]
Data from 1197 participants were included in the analysis. e sample consisted of 783 females (65.4%) and 414 males with an overall mean age of 54.3 ± 11.6 years. e mean time since rst diagnosis was 12.8 years. 542 patients (45.3%) were receiving steroid therapy at the time of the survey. e most often a ected organs were lungs (89.2%), followed by skin (24.5%) and lymphatic nodes (20.8%)
Summary
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease, characterized by epitheloid granulomas [1]. Sarcoidosis patients suffer from a broad spectrum of symptoms such as muscle pain, weight loss, fever, night sweats, cough, breathlessness, and reduced exercise capacity, which results in reduced quality of life (QoL) [2, 3]. Is symptom is associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which is defined as difficulty in maintaining an alert awake state in everyday situations [5]. Several studies have been performed to analyze fatigue [17, 18] and poor sleep quality [19] in patients suffering from sarcoidosis, but the role daytime sleepiness plays in sarcoidosis patients is largely unknown
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