Day Care Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Review

Abstract

Gallstones, small solid formations within the gallbladder (GB), often necessitate intervention when symptomatic. The conventional approach involves their removal through a minimally invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Traditionally, patients undergo overnight observation post-surgery to detect potential complications. However, this practice results in unnecessary extended hospital stays, leading to delays in resuming daily activities, heightened risks of nosocomial infections and morbidity, increased financial burden, and a strain on hospital resources. In contrast to this, many developed nations have embraced a more efficient model where carefully selected patients can be discharged on the same day as the operation, eliminating the need for overnight admission. Recognizing the advantages of a shorter duration of surgery, a brief postoperative period, and a reduced incidence of complications, the concept of Daycare Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (DCLC) has gained prominence. Beyond the medical benefits, patients benefit from early discharge, recovery in a familiar home environment with personalized care, minimal disruption to personal life, and decreased overall costs. Despite over a decade of global research confirming the feasibility and safety of DCLC, this approach has not been widely adopted in India. This review emphasizes the necessity for its integration into routine practice in developing countries like India. Embracing DCLC can significantly alleviate the burden on healthcare resources, enhance patient experience, and contribute to more efficient healthcare delivery.