Data-Hiding Scheme Using Multidirectional Pixel-Value Differencing on Colour Images

Pyung-Han Kim,Kwan-Woo Ryu,Ki-Hyun Jung,Eun-Jun Yoon

doi:10.1155/2019/9038650

Pyung-Han Kim, Kwan-Woo Ryu + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9038650

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Abstract

Data hiding is a technique that hides the existence of secret data from malicious attackers. In this paper, we propose a new data-hiding scheme using multidirectional pixel-value differencing, which can embed secret data in two directions or three directions on colour images. The cover colour image is divided into nonoverlapping blocks, and the pixels of each block are decomposed into R, G, and B channels. The pixels of each block perform regrouping, and then the minimum pixel value within each block is selected. The secret data can be embedded into two directions or three directions based on the minimum pixel value by using the difference value for the block. The pixel pairs with the embedded secret data are put separately into two stego images for secret data extraction on receiver sides. In the extraction process, the secret data can be extracted using the difference value of the two stego images. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has the highest embedding capacity when the secret data are embedded into three directions. Experimental results also show that the proposed scheme has a high embedding capacity while maintaining the degree of distortion that cannot be perceived by human vision system for two directions.

Highlights

In recent years, the use of the Internet has become more increased towing to the development of computer performance and communication technology. erefore, digital contents such as image, video, movie, and audio les are generally used to transmit and receive each other on the Internet
Data-hiding techniques hide the existence of secret data [3, 4]. erefore, malicious attackers cannot know the existence of secret data in digital contents
Data-hiding methods can be classi ed into hidden channel technique, steganography technique, anonymity technique, and technique for hiding copyright information. e covert channel technique reduces the signalto-noise ratio in order to reduce the bandwidth of the base channel, so that the secret data are not exposed to others [7, 8]. erefore, only authorized senders and receivers can know whether the secret data exist or not

Summary

Introduction

The use of the Internet has become more increased towing to the development of computer performance and communication technology. erefore, digital contents such as image, video, movie, and audio les are generally used to transmit and receive each other on the Internet. Steganography can hide the secret data in common digital contents such as image, audio, and video file, so that the secret data to be transmitted cannot be detected by human senses. E data-hiding methods using digital images embed the secret data after changing the pixels of the original cover image. In 2009, Chang et al proposed a dual image-based data-hiding scheme that could embed secret data into two images [21]. E technique using PVD on colour image was proposed by Nagaraj et al.’s scheme uses modulus three function with PVD to embed the secret message bits into the colour image [27]. In 2017, Shiv and Arup proposed a technique to apply PVD scheme to overlapping blocks on colour image.

Related Works

The Proposed Scheme

Experimental Results

Conclusion