Data-Driven Paradigm for Smart Manufacturing in the Context of Big Data Analytics

Abstract

Smart Factory is a classic example of the culmination of digitalization in the manufacturing sector. Smart manufacturing, specifically in European countries, is known as “Industry 4.0” and in the USA it is called “Industrial Internet of Things” (IIoT). This is an implementation of information technology for reshaping modern manufacturing in this ongoing fourth industrial revolution. Mechanization was a characteristic of the first industrial revolution in the year 1765, attributed to the invention of a steam engine. The second industrial revolution in the year 1870 was related to sources of energy caused by the invention of electricity, gas, and oil. Computers brought the third industrial revolution in the year 1969 in electronics and telecommunications. Now we are at Industry 4.0, the revolution of connecting industries with virtual reality exploring the use of the Internet where data is working as a fuel. In typical smart manufacturing machines, sensors and robotic platforms on the shop floor generate a huge amount of data that need to be constantly monitored, maintained, and consumed for the production line. Smart manufacturing is a broad concept that includes various advanced technologies collectively as solution enablers where data are a prime resource. The data-driven paradigm for smart manufacturing includes the capabilities such as the creation of an enormous amount of data with low-cost sensors, storage of generated data in a low-cost system, and appropriately processing of the data at an affordable price. The data bring the visible as well as invisible problems to the surface, and become transparent, efficient, and intelligent for manufacturing. This chapter provides an overview of the role that the data play in smart manufacturing, which can be treated as a cyber-physical integration of manufacturing obtained with technologies such as digital twin and its application using big data.