Abstract
In the U.S., the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is generally the largest electricity-consuming end-use in a residential building. However, homeowners are less likely to have their HVAC system serviced regularly, thus inefficiencies in operation are also more likely to occur. To address this challenge, this research works towards a non-intrusive data-driven assessment method using building assessors’ data, HVAC electricity demand data, and outdoor environmental data. Building assessors’ data is first used to estimate the HVAC system size, then estimate the electricity demand curve of the HVAC system. A comparison of the proposed electricity demand curve development method demonstrates strong agreement with physics-based HVAC model results. An HVAC efficiency rating is then proposed, which compares the model-predicted and actual performance data to define whether an HVAC system is operating as expected. As a case study, detailed data for 39 occupied, conditioned residential buildings in Austin, Texas, was used demonstrating the identification of the presence of potential HVAC inefficiencies. The results prove beneficial for utilities to help target residential HVAC systems in need of service or energy efficiency upgrades, as well as for homeowners as a continuous assessment tool for HVAC performance.
Highlights
Residential building electricity consumption makes up approximately 40% of total electricity use in the U.S [1,2]
Recommendations of how to improve inefficiencies of the HVAC system are made to the homeowner
To assess the ability of the proposed methodology to identify the relative efficiency or inefficiency of an HVAC system, first a detailed HVAC modeling program air conditioning/heat pump (ACHP) [34], is used to predict the electricity demand of a residential HVAC system of a real home, which is compared to the proposed method-predicted values
Summary
Residential building electricity consumption makes up approximately 40% of total electricity use in the U.S [1,2]. In the U.S, the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is among the largest electricity-consuming end-use in a home [5]; its electricity demand is associated with the amount of heat gains and losses in a building, as well as its size, efficiency, thermostat setpoints, and the local environmental conditions in which it operates. Recommendations of how to improve inefficiencies of the HVAC system are made to the homeowner. This is often done by or in collaboration with programs in many utility companies that provide incentives and rebates for more energy-efficient
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