Databionic Swarm Intelligence to Screen Wastewater Recycling Quality with Factorial and Hyper-Parameter Non-Linear Orthogonal Mini-Datasets

Abstract

Electrodialysis (ED) may be designed to enhance wastewater recycling efficiency for crop irrigation in areas where water distribution is otherwise inaccessible. ED process controls are difficult to manage because the ED cells need to be custom-built to meet local requirements, and the wastewater influx often has heterogeneous ionic properties. Besides the underlying complex chemical phenomena, recycling screening is a challenge to engineering because the number of experimental trials must be maintained low in order to be timely and cost-effective. A new data-centric approach is presented that screens three water quality indices against four ED-process-controlling factors for a wastewater recycling application in agricultural development. The implemented unsupervised solver must: (1) be fine-tuned for optimal deployment and (2) screen the ED trials for effect potency. The databionic swarm intelligence classifier is employed to cluster the L9(34) OA mini-dataset of: (1) the removed Na+ content, (2) the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and (3) the soluble Na+ percentage. From an information viewpoint, the proviso for the factor profiler is that it should be apt to detect strength and curvature effects against not-computable uncertainty. The strength hierarchy was analyzed for the four ED-process-controlling factors: (1) the dilute flow, (2) the cathode flow, (3) the anode flow and (4) the voltage rate. The new approach matches two sequences for similarities, according to: (1) the classified cluster identification string and (2) the pre-defined OA factorial setting string. Internal cluster validity is checked by the Dunn and Davies–Bouldin Indices, after completing a hyper-parameter L8(4122) OA screening. The three selected hyper-parameters (distance measure, structure type and position type) created negligible variability. The dilute flow was found to regulate the overall ED-based separation performance. The results agree with other recent statistical/algorithmic studies through external validation. In conclusion, statistical/algorithmic freeware (R-packages) may be effective in resolving quality multi-indexed screening tasks of intricate non-linear mini-OA-datasets.