Abstract
The data measured by well bottom sensors can be transmitted to the surface through the drilling mud during oil drilling operations. This article introduces a data processing scheme for a wireless data transmission application via mud. The detailed signal processing procedure is given, and several data processing techniques used are discussed, mainly including data encoding and signal integrating method, signal filtering, data storage and manage method, peak detection, signal recognition, and data decoding method. The article uses M pulses in N slots to encode the values of actual parameters. A two step filtering method and a dynamic data storing and managing method are proposed. A mix peak detection method is utilized to find the position of a pulse by combining threshold method and neighbor comparison method. These techniques have been successfully used in an oil well drilling operation.
Highlights
When drilling oil wells, especially in directional drilling, it is very helpful to utilize a kind of measurement-whiledrilling system to provide real-time monitoring to the direction of a bottom-hole assembly, the angle of the hole, the gamma radiation from formations, and some other physical parameters
Mud pulse telemetry [1] is one of feasible wireless methods used for oil drilling operations, mainly for the control and transmission of the data from a well bottom to the surface during drilling operations
In [9], we propose a two-step filtering method in which a dynamic part mean filtering algorithm is proposed to separate the direct current components and a windowed limited impulse response algorithm is used to filter out the high-frequency noise
Summary
Especially in directional drilling, it is very helpful to utilize a kind of measurement-whiledrilling system to provide real-time monitoring to the direction of a bottom-hole assembly, the angle of the hole, the gamma radiation from formations, and some other physical parameters. The signals received by the computer are transformed into digital ones, and filtered, processed and decoded, and some important information and parameters, such as the data of inclination, azimuth, tool-face orientation, temperature, pressure, generator’s rotate speed, battery’s voltage, gamma radiation, and resistivity, are acquired. These data can be preserved, displayed, printed, or transferred to a long distance computer via the Internet. For pattern 9 to 16, the second state 1 is in the fifth T, and the third state 1 starts from the eighth T and moves forward until the fifteenth
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