Data mining in conservation research using Latin and vernacular species names.

Jörn Gessner,Franck Courchamp,Ivan Jarić,David L. Roberts

doi:10.7717/peerj.2202

Abstract

In conservation science, assessments of trends and priorities for actions often focus on species as the management unit. Studies on species coverage in online media are commonly conducted by using species vernacular names. However, the use of species vernacular names for web-based data search is problematic due to the high risk of mismatches in results. While the use of Latin names may produce more consistent results, it is uncertain whether a search using Latin names will produce unbiased results as compared to vernacular names. We assessed the potential of Latin names to be used as an alternative to vernacular names for the data mining within the field of conservation science. By using Latin and vernacular names, we searched for species from four species groups: diurnal birds of prey, Carnivora, Primates and marine mammals. We assessed the relationship of the results obtained within different online sources, such as Internet pages, newspapers and social media networks. Results indicated that the search results based on Latin and vernacular names were highly correlated, and confirmed that one may be used as an alternative for the other. We also demonstrated the potential of the number of images posted on the Internet to be used as an indication of the public attention towards different species.

Highlights

Analyses of the Internet provide a rich source of information and contribute considerably to conservation activities and evaluation (Wilson et al, 2007; Kim et al, 2014)
Results indicated that searches based on Latin and vernacular names were highly correlated, and confirmed that one can be used as a general proxy for the other
The results are only applicable when looking at quantitative data, such as the amount of coverage of different species in online media, since the similarity of the actual media content obtained by the two assessed search types was not the object of this study

Summary

Introduction

Analyses of the Internet provide a rich source of information and contribute considerably to conservation activities and evaluation (Wilson et al, 2007; Kim et al, 2014). Assessments of trends and priorities often focus on species as the management unit (e.g., Wilson et al, 2007; Sitas, Baillie & Isaac, 2009; Muter et al, 2013; Żmihorski et al, 2013; Kim et al, 2014; Roberge, 2014). It is assumed that species coverage by online media indicates public perception of conservation issues and potential biases in public interest, and represents popularity of a species and its public appeal (Sitas, Baillie & Isaac, 2009; Żmihorski et al, 2013; Roberge, 2014). Data mining within different databases and the Internet in general based on species names is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in conservation research

Methods

Results

Conclusion