Abstract
In this paper, a multi-hypothesis distributed detection technique with non-identical local detectors is investigated. Here, for a global event, some of the sensors/detectors can observe the whole set of hypotheses, whereas the remaining sensors can either see only some aspects of the global event or infer more than one hypothesis as a single hypothesis. Another possible option is that different sensors provide complementary information. The local decisions are sent over a multiple access radio channel so that the data fusion is formed in the air before reaching the decision fusion center (DFC). An optimal energy fusion rule is formulated by considering the radio channel effects and the reliability of the sensors together, and a closed-form solution is derived. A receive beamforming algorithm, based on a modification of Lozano's algorithm, is proposed to equalize the channel gains from different sensors. Sensors with limited detection capabilities are found to boost the overall system performance when they are used along with fully capable sensors. The additional transmit power used by these sensors is compensated by the designed fusion rule and the antenna array gain. Additionally, the DFC, equipped with a large antenna array, can reduce the overall transmit energy consumption without sacrificing the detection performance.
Highlights
The legend ”parallel access channels (PAC)” represents the simulation results of the optimal parallel fusion rule [29] in an ideal radio channel without any noise, where all the original local decisions from the sensors are available at the decision fusion center (DFC) to formulate the fusion rule
The detection performance of the optimal “PAC” fusion rule is fairly comparable to any multiple access channels (MAC) scheme based on multiple input multiple output (MIMO) spatial multiplexing in a noiseless radio channel
The local decisions are sent to the DFC over a MAC wireless channel
Summary
D ECENTRALIZED distributed detection has been an active research topic since the seminal work by Tenney and Sandell [1]. In those days, to design an optimal fusion rule to detect the event accurately was the primary objective [2]. Duman and Salehi proposed a decentralized detection technique over multiple access channels (MAC) [3]. In the case of MAC distributed detection, the DFC observes a superposition. Manuscript received August 20, 2018; revised March 1, 2019; accepted July 1, 2019. Date of publication July 10, 2019; date of current version October 22, 2019. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof.
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