Abstract

<div>Abstract<p><b>Background:</b> Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men in the United States, and its incidence and mortality rates are disproportionate among ethnic groups. Although genome-wide association studies of European descents have identified candidate loci associated with prostate cancer risk, including a variant in <i>IL16</i>, replication studies in African Americans (AA) have been inconsistent. Here we explore single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation in <i>IL16</i> in AAs and test for association with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Association tests were conducted for 2,257 genotyped and imputed SNPs spanning <i>IL16</i> in 605 AA prostate cancer cases and controls from Washington, D.C. Eleven of them were also genotyped in a replication population of 1,093 AAs from Chicago. We tested for allelic association adjusting for age, global and local West African ancestry.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Analyses of genotyped and imputed SNPs revealed that a cluster of <i>IL16</i> SNPs were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. The strongest association was found at rs7175701 (<i>P</i> = 9.8 × 10<sup>−8</sup>). In the Chicago population, another SNP (rs11556218) was associated with prostate cancer risk (<i>P</i> = 0.01). In the pooled analysis, we identified three independent loci within <i>IL16</i> that were associated with prostate cancer risk. SNP expression quantitative trait loci analyses revealed that rs7175701 is predicted to influence the expression of <i>IL16</i> and other cancer-related genes.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our study provides evidence that <i>IL16</i> polymorphisms play a role in prostate cancer susceptibility among AAs.</p><p><b>Impact:</b> Our findings are significant given that there has been limited focus on the role of <i>IL16</i> genetic polymorphisms on prostate cancer risk in AAs. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(11); 2059–68. ©2012 AACR</i>.</p></div>

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